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Barbara Alexandrovna Bakhmeteva () (1815–1851), birth name Barbara Alexandrovna Lopukhina, was a Russian noblewoman who was the beloved and tragic muse of the great Romantic poet Mikhail Lermontov. Her Russian first name (Варвара) may be transliterated as "Varvara" as well as translated as "Barbara". ==Biography== Born into the ancient noble Lopukhin family, Barbara Lopukhin was the seventh of eight children. Barbara Lopukhin and her brother Alexei and sister Mary were close friends of Mikhail Lermontov from 1828, when Lermontov came to Moscow for his secondary school education. And in time Barbara Lopukhin and Lermontov fell in love. At the age of 18, Lermontov wrote these lines to Lopukhin: According to recollections of the relatives of the poet, Lermentov retained this love for Lopukhina until his death. But the Lopukhin family opposed their marriage, particularly Barbara's father, Alexander Lopukhin. And Lermontov's sister Barbara Lermontov and her friend Maria also opposed the marriage. In 1835 Barbara Lopukhina married Nikolai Fyodorovich Bakhmetev, a wealthy landowner and Actual State Councilor. Nikolai Bakhmetev was then 37 and Barbara 20. According to Lermontov's second cousin Akim Shan-Girey, at the news of Lopukhina's impeding marriage Lermontov's "face changed and grew pale". Lermontov could not recognize Barbara's new surname. Sending her a new version of "Demon" (a long poem featuring some of the most resonant lines in the Russian language, which he rewrote several times), he several times crossed out the initials ВАБ and wrote instead ВАЛ in the dedication sent to the copyist. Lermontov, tormented by jealousy, alluded to Nikolai Bakhmetev several times in his writing with sardonic humor as a greybeard and cuckold. However, his stinging attacks on Bakhmetev were also transferred to his wife: Bakhmetev was also jealous and forbade his wife to speak of Lermontov, and made every effort to destroy her correspondence with the poet, so that the main source of information about their relationship after marriage is the poet's correspondence with Barbara's sister, Mary Lopukhina. In 1839, to save all her materials associated with Lermontov from destruction, Barbara Bakhmetev gave them to her friend Alexandra Vereshchagina when she was at a European resort. Much of this material, drawings and writing by Lermontov, were passed to Vereshchagina's descendants in Russia. According to the literary critic Irakly Andronikov, though, "Not all the Vereschagina materials have come to light". Barbara Bakhmetev was never happy or even well after her marriage. Her last meeting with Lermontov in 1838 was described thus by Shan-Gireya:〔 〕 Barbara and Nikolai Bakhmetev had a daughter, Olga (married name Olga Bazylevska). In 1838 Lermentov, returned from his exile in the Caucasus, met with mother and child. According to Pavel Viskovatov, Lermontov's poem "The Child" is about this meeting. Reacting to the changed appearance of his beloved, Lermentov wrote Barbara Bakhmetev had repeatedly traveled with her husband abroad for treatment, but after Lermentov's death in an 1841 duel, her condition deteriorated. In the autumn of 1841 her sister Mary wrote: Barbara Bakhmetev died on September 9, 1851, at the age of 36. She was buried in the small cathedral of the Donskoy Monastery. Her husband survived her by more than thirty years. Nikolai Fyodorovich Bakhmetev died on March 3, 1884, and was buried beside his wife. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barbara Bakhmetev」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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